Exercise Physiology Assignment

Exercise Physiology Assignment

What are the two scenarios/environments in which prolonged exercise does not lead to a steady state?

2. Explain the process of using an incremental exercise test to measure VO2 max.

a. What physiological characteristics influence your VO2 max capabilities?

3. What is lactate threshold?

a- How does this threshold differ between trained and untrained?

b- What mechanisms lead to the lactate threshold?

4. What is the Respiratory Exchange Ratio and what does it tell us?

How do you know if you are burning predominantly fat versus carbohydrate?

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

• Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
• There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
• Include in-text citations in your response
• Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
• Follow APA-7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

• A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
• Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
• Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
• Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
• Follow APA 7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

• Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
• Here are some helpful links
• The is a great resource

The ‘classical’ view of maximal oxygen uptake is that maximal rates of oxygen utilization (and sustainable rates of oxidative ATP production) in skeletal muscle are limited under most circumstances by the ability of the heart to deliver oxygen to and be accommodated by the working muscle (Saltin & Strange, 1992; Bassett & Howley, 1997). In some sense, this construct must be true as An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu7.jpg is easily altered by manipulations that increase ((Ekblom et al. 1972; Buick et al. 1980; Ekblom & Berglund, 1991) or decrease (Ekblom et al. 1972; Jilka et al. 1988; Pawelczyk et al. 1992; Levine et al. 1996) peripheral oxygen delivery without altering arterial An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu8.jpg; and the maximal vasodilatory capacity of skeletal muscle clearly exceeds the ability of the heart to deliver blood and still maintain adequate arterial perfusion pressure (Secher et al. 1977; Richardson et al. 1999).

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Does a true An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu9.jpg exist and can we measure it?

Some investigators have contended recently though that the absence of a clear and consistent plateau in An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu10.jpg with increasing running speed in the early Hill experiments argues that the concept of An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu11.jpg is not valid (Noakes, 1997). A number of scholarly reviews and rebuttals have been written about this issue (Saltin & Strange, 1992; Bassett & Howley, 1997, 2000; Bergh et al. 2000; Saltin & Calbet, 2006; Wagner, 2006) and these arguments will not be repeated here. To help answer this particular question and avoid the details of the ‘what limits An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.

Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu12.jpg’ debate for the moment, let’s assume that there are ‘upstream’ and ‘downstream’ factors that provide oxygen to exercising skeletal muscle and then use it for physical work. The ‘upstream’ factors include all the physiological pathways that transfer O2 from the environment to the blood, pump it to the periphery, and distribute it to and then inside the muscle cells. The ‘downstream’ factors include all the intracellular processes that occur once the O2 molecule is transferred to the inside of the cell for oxidative production of ATP, and the neuromotor events that create calcium influx and muscle contraction.

A large part of the debate instigated by Noakes hinges on whether downstream factors, predominantly muscle motor recruitment, alone drive An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu13.jpg, or whether An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu14.jpg has upstream limits independent of muscle motor recruitment. Indeed, Noakes has articulated what he considers a ‘new model’ of integrated performance physiology, which he has called The Central Governor Model (Noakes, 1997; Noakes et al. 2001, 2004a; Noakes & St Clair Gibson, 2004). In this formulation, a ‘central governor’ shuts down the body by putting a brake on muscle motor recruitment at very high work rates to avoid a ‘disturbance of homeostasis’. So, during an incremental exercise test, the highest An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu15.jpg that is achieved doesn’t really reflect a true maximal ability to transport oxygen to the tissues and use it to make ATP to do physical work, because there remains lots of reserve that subjects don’t ‘choose’ to evoke.

For the purposes of framing the debate, Dr Noakes frequently likes to place investigators into two camps: those who believe the brain plays a role in exercise performance, and those who do not (Noakes et al. 2004b). However this straw man is specious. No one disputes that ‘the brain’ is required to recruit motor units – for example, spinal cord-injured patients can’t run. There is no doubt that motivation is necessary to achieve An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu16.jpg. A subject can elect to simply stop exercising on the treadmill while walking slowly because they don’t want to continue; no mystical ‘central governor’ is required to hypothesize or predict a An external file that holds a picture, illustration, etc.
Object name is tjp0586-0025-mu17.jpg below maximal achievable oxygen transport in this case.