Infections Acquired by Patients in Intensive Care Unit Research Paper

Research Critiques and PICOT Question Guidelines – Final Draft Use this document to organize the content from your four studies into your final draft. Quantitative and Quantitative Studies Background 1. Summary of studies. Include problem, significance to nursing, purpose, objective, and research question. How do these two articles support the nurse practice issue you chose? 1. Discuss how these articles will be used to answer your PICOT question. 2. Describe how the interventions and comparison groups in the articles compare to those identified in your PICOT question. Method of Study: 1. State the methods of the articles you are comparing and describe how they are different. 2. Consider the methods you identified in your chosen articles and state one benefit and one limitation of each method. Results of Study 1. Summarize the key findings of each of the studies into a comprehensive summary. 2. What are the implications of the four studies you chose in nursing practice? Ethical Considerations 1. Discuss two ethical consideration in conducting research. 2. Describe how the researchers in the four articles you choose took these ethical considerations into account while performing their research. Outcomes Comparison 1. What are the anticipated outcomes for your PICOT question? 2. How do the outcomes of the four articles you chose compare to your anticipated outcomes? © 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Literature Evaluation Table Student Name: Summary of Clinical Issue (200-250 words): Infections acquired in the hospital, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU) present s huge challenge for patients’ recovery and increase length of stay as well as affecting the prognosis of patient health condition. Some of the common infections include multidrug resistant organisms such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) commonly known as MRSA superbug due to its resistance to many antibiotics. MRSA infection control in the ICU has thus become a crucial aspect of every healthcare organization and with the current COVID-19 pandemic, infection control in general has become central to every healthcare process. Patient isolation has been the standard care in the industry as a means of reducing contact and hence the rates of infection. However, many hospitals implement standard systematic isolation. Infections Acquired by Patients in Intensive Care Unit Research Paper

In relation to the current pandemic, isolation in hospitals and other public spaces have mainly focused on social distancing and hygiene which is a standard practice in healthcare. With the rates of infection outbreaks increasing in the last decade, there has been the push to implement more targeted isolation procedures. When dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic, targeted isolation is based on identification of a minimum number of symptoms before individual patient targeting is done. This research focuses on targeted isolation as a step ahead of systematic isolation procedures in dealing with the persistent multi-drug resistant organisms such as MRSA. PICOT Question: Among patients in intensive care unit (P), how does targeted isolation (I) compared to systematic universal isolation (C), affect the transmission of multi-drug resistant organisms (O) within a month of implementation (T)? Criteria APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink Article 1 Djibré, M., Fedun, S., Le Guen, P., Vimont, S., Hafiani, M., Fulgencio, J. P., … & Fartoukh, M. (2017). Universal versus Article 2 Ledoux, G., Six, S., Lawson, R., Labreuche, J., Blazejewski, C., Wallet, F., … & Nseir, S. (2016). Impact of a targeted isolation © 2019. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved. Article 3 Xu, D., Lv, W., Liu, Y., Yu, Z., Feng, Y., & Tang, J. (2020). Application of Quality Control Circle in Improving the Correct Implementation Rate of targeted additional contact precautions for multidrugresistant organism carriage for patients admitted to an intensive care unit. American Journal of Infection Control, 45(7), 728734. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.201 7.02.001 How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question? Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?) strategy at intensive-care-unitadmission on intensive-care-unitacquired infection related to multidrug-resistant bacteria: a prospective uncontrolled before– after study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 22(10), 888-e11. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.0 7.012 This research compares targeted The article compares targeted to to systematic isolation as systematic isolation as compared in compared in the PICOT question the PICOT question Quantitative- statistical analysis was conducted whereby Chisquare test and Fisher’s Exact test were some of the analyses conducted Purpose Statement To compare targeted additional contact precautions with universal additional contact precautions in reducing MDRO transmissions. Quantitative- Data was analyzed statistically Research Question How does targeted isolation compare to systematic isolation in reducing MRSA infections? Outcome How does targeted additional contact precautions with universal additional contact precautions in reducing MDRO transmissions? MDRO transmission rates To determine the effectiveness of targeted isolation in reducing infections in ICU Rates of infections 2 Multiple Drug Resistant Organism Isolation Measures in ICU Medical Personnel. Infections Acquired by Patients in Intensive Care Unit Research Paper

American Journal of Nursing, 9(6), 402-406. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajns.20200 906.12 The study implements quality control circle which includes targeted isolation, the intervention of the PICOT question Quantitative- Statistical analysis of the outcomes was conducted To “investigate the application of quality control circle (QCC) activities in improving the correct implementation rate of isolation measures for patients with MDRO in ICU medical personnel.” How does QCC affect adherence to isolation measures? Adherence to isolation precautions, MDRO rates Setting (Where did the study take place?) Sample A French medical and surgical unit 30-bed ICU at the University Hospital of Lille (France), A single ICU in a hospital in China 413 patients in an ICU setting 1221 ICU patients Method Sequential single-center observational study Rates of MDRO transmission was similar in both groups Prospective before–after study Medical staff, assistant nurses, cleaning personnel, external consultants, and training personnel in the unit Quasi-experimental intervention Targeted isolation was not inferior to systematic isolation in reducing infection rates Targeted isolation should be prioritized to reduce MRSA infection rates QCC significantly improved isolation implementation rates and reduced MDRO incidents QCC should be implemented with isolation precautions to enhance infection control Article 5 Article 6 Key Findings of the Study Recommendations of the Researcher Targeted contact isolation should be preferred for infection control to reduce resource utilization in ICU Criteria Article 4 APA-Formatted Article Citation with Permalink Krein, S. L., Mayer, J., Harrod, M., Weston, L. E., Gregory, L., Petersen, L., … & Drews, F. A. (2018). Identification and characterization of failures in infectious agent transmission precaution practices in hospitals: A qualitative study. JAMA Internal Medicine, 178(8), 1016-1022. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaintern med.2018.1898 Tufail, S., Afzal, M., Perveen, K., Waqas, A., & Gilani, S. (2017). Knowledge, attitude and practice towards standard isolation precautions among registered Nurses. Saudi Journal of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3, 534-544. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.21276/sjmps 3 Alvarez, E. N., Pike, M. C., & Godwin, H. (2020). Children’s and parents’ views on hospital contact isolation: A qualitative study to highlight children’s perspectives. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 25(2), 401-418. Permalink: https://doi.org/10.1177/135910451983 8016 How Does the Article Relate to the PICOT Question? The study outlines failures in infection control contact isolation and hence serves the purpose of identifying factors relevant to the PICOT question The article presents major facilitators and challenges in implementing isolation precautions hence contributing to the intervention in the PICOT question Quantitative, Qualitative (How do you know?) Purpose Statement Qualitative- data was collected through observations and data analysis was direct content analysis To highlight the sources of failure in implementing transmission precautions for infection control. Qualitative- Infections Acquired by Patients in Intensive Care Unit Research Paper

The study design was descriptive cross-sectional Research Question What circumstances lead to active failures in transmission-based precautions to reduce the transmission of infectious agents by health care personnel? Areas of failure Medical/surgical units and ICUs of an academic medical center, a Veterans Affairs hospital, and the emergency department of a university hospital 325 room observations Qualitative observational study with field notes Outcome Setting (Where did the study take place?) Sample Method Key Findings of the Study Some of the areas of failure included entering rooms without relevant protective gear, errors in The researchers outline the experiences of children in isolation. The experiences are important in designing and implementing an intervention according to the PICOT question. Qualitative- data was collected using interviews and surveys; analysis was thematic “To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses toward standard isolation precaution among registered nurses.” What is the current state of nurses in regards to implementing standard isolation precautions? To assess the experience of children of being placed in isolation Knowledge, attitudes, and practices A children hospital in Lahore, Pakistan Patients’ experiences of care UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital in California 132 nurses descriptive cross-sectional study 9 parent-child dyads in the hospital Phenomenological research designInterviews were used to determine the experiences of children in isolation Negative experiences of isolation may outweigh the benefits of the infection control process Most nurses have good knowledge but unsatisfactory attitude towards isolation precautions 4 How do isolation precautions affect patients’ care experiences? removing the gear, and slips such as touching one’s face Recommendatio A range of strategies should be ns of the used to reduce the potential Researcher transmission of infectious diseases in the hospital Nurses should be educated and motivated to practice standard isolation precautions 5 More child-friendly isolation signs should be used to reduce negative experiences …