Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

Review the performance dashboard for a health care organization, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Then, write a report for senior leaders in the organization that communicates your analysis and evaluation of the current state of organizational performance, including a recommended metric to target for improvement.

Maintaining standards and promoting quality in modern health care are crucial, not only for the care of patients, but also for the continuing success and financial viability of health care organizations. In the era of health care reform, health care leaders must understand what quality care entails and how quality in health care connects to the standards set by relevant federal, state, and local laws and policies. An understanding of relevant benchmarks that result from these laws and policies, and how they relate to quality care and regulatory standards, is also vitally important.

· Health care is a dynamic, complex, and heavily regulated industry. For this reason, you will be expected to constantly scan the external environment for emerging laws, new regulations, and changing industry standards. You may discover that as new policies are enacted into law, ambiguity in interpretation of various facets of the law may occur. Sometimes, new laws conflict with preexisting laws and regulations, or unexpected implementation issues arise, which may warrant further clarification from lawmakers. Adding partisan politics and social media to the mix can further complicate understanding of the process and buy-in from stakeholders.

· As you prepare to complete this assessment, you may want to think about other related issues to deepen your understanding or broaden your viewpoint. You are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend or family member, or a member of your professional community. Note that these questions are for your own development and exploration and do not need to be completed or submitted as part of your assessment. Dashboard

Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

How many health care laws can you name that affect your practice in your current or future workplace? How do they impact your daily work? How many regulatory agencies oversee the types of services your health care organization provides? Which regulatory agencies apply to your workplace setting? Are you familiar with the process of complying with those agencies in order to maintain certification? You might be overwhelmed as you consider these broad questions.

What local, state, or federal health care policies or laws set benchmarks and standards reflected in performance dashboards common in your professional area of practice?

· What are the potential challenges or opportunities for health care organizations or interprofessional teams in meeting prescribed performance benchmarks and standards? Factors you might consider include the organization’s mission, its size and resources, operational policies and procedures, and the population the organization serves. Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

Preparation for Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

For this assessment, you may choose one of the following three options for a performance dashboard to use as the basis for your benchmark evaluation.

Option 1: Dashboard and Health Care Benchmark Evaluation Simulation

If you decide to use one of the simulation dashboards for your evaluation, review both dashboards, as well as the relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies linked in each dashboard. Choose one of the dashboards and consider the metrics within it  that are falling short of the prescribed benchmarks.

Option 2: Actual Dashboard From a Professional Practice Setting

If you choose an actual dashboard from a professional practice setting for your evaluation, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

· The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.

· The specific type of care delivery.

· The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.

· The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure that your data is Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

Option 3: Hypothetical Dashboard Based on a Professional Practice Setting

If you have a sophisticated understanding of dashboards that are relevant to your own practice, you may also construct a hypothetical dashboard for your evaluation, based on that setting. Your hypothetical dashboard must present at least four different metrics, at least two of which must be under-performing the relevant benchmark set forth by a federal, state, or local laws or policies. In addition, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

· The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.

· The specific type of care delivery.

· The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.

· The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure that your data is HIPAA compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

Report Requirements for Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

Structure your report in such a way that it would be easy for a colleague or supervisor to locate the information they need. Be sure to cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when evaluating metric performance against prescribed benchmarks. Cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis and evaluation of the challenges in meeting the benchmarks, the potential for performance improvement, and your advocacy for ethical action.

Note: The tasks outlined below correspond to grading criteria in the scoring guide.

In your report, be sure to:

· Evaluate dashboard metrics against the benchmarks set by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.

9. Which metrics are below the mandated benchmarks in the organization? Evaluate weaknesses within the entire set of benchmarks.

9. What are the local, state, or federal health care laws or policies that set these benchmarks?

. Analyze challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for the organization or for an interprofessional team.

10. What are the specific challenges or opportunities that the organization or interprofessional team might have in meeting the benchmarks? For example, consider:

1. The strategic direction of the organization.

1. The organization’s mission.

1. Available resources:

3. Staffing.

3. Operational and capital funding.

3. Physical space.

3. Support services (any ancillary department that supports a specific care unit in the organization, such as a pharmacy, cleaning services, and dietary services).

1. Cultural diversity in the organization.

1. Cultural diversity in the community.

1. Organizational processes and procedures.

10. How might these challenges be contributing to benchmark underperformance?

. Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in the organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.

11. Which metric is underperforming its benchmark by the greatest degree?

11. Which benchmark underperformance is the most widespread throughout the organization or interprofessional team?

11. Which benchmark affects the greatest number of patients?

11. Which benchmark affects the greatest number of staff?

11. How does this underperformance affect the community the organization serves?

11. Where is the greatest opportunity for improvement in the overall quality or performance of the organization or interpersonal team—and ultimately in patient outcomes?

. Advocate for ethical action in addressing the benchmark underperformance that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.

12. At which group of stakeholders should your advocacy be directed? Which group could be expected to take the appropriate action to improve the benchmark metric?

12. What are some ethical actions that the stakeholder group could take that support improved benchmark performance?

12. Why should the stakeholder group take action?

. Communicate your findings and recommendations in a professional and effective manner.

13. Ensure that your report is well organized and easy to read.

13. Write clearly and logically, using correct grammar, punctuation, and mechanics.

. Integrate relevant sources to support your arguments, correctly formatting source citations and references using current APA style.

14. Did you cite relevant local, state, or federal health care laws or policies when discussing the mandated benchmarks? Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Report Assignment

14. Did you cite an additional 2–4 credible sources to support your analysis, evaluation, and advocacy?

Performance Benchmarking Overview

This activity enables you to review a metrics dashboard and hospital fact sheet to evaluate Mercy Medical Center’s performance relative to local, state, and federal benchmarking requirements.

•Dashboard and Health Care Benchmark Evaluation.

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Benchmarking and Performance Measurement Tools

This article discusses best practices in benchmarking to aid organizations in creating a plan.

•Krause, J. (2017, July 28). Four questions to ask about healthcare benchmarking. Retrieved from http://www.managedhealthcareexecutive.com/benchmarks/four-questions-ask-about-healthcare-benchmarking

These resources examine performance measurement tools and benchmarking used for health care delivery.
•Behrouzi, F., Shaharoun, A. M., & Ma’aram, A. (2014). Applications of the balanced scorecard for strategic management and performance measurement in the health sector. Australian Health Review, 38(2), 208–217.
•Johns Hopkins Medicine. (n.d.). Patient safety and quality. Retrieved from http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/patient_safety_quality_dashboard/understanding_performance_metrics/core_measures.html
•National Committee for Quality Assurance. (n.d.). HEDIS and performance measurement. Retrieved from http://www.ncqa.org/hedis-quality-measurement

Performance Benchmarks Challenges and Benefits

This study outlines key barriers to measuring and benchmarking quality of mental health care, describes innovations currently underway worldwide to mitigate barriers and offers recommendations for improving quality of mental health care.

•Kilbourne, A. M., Beck, K., Spaeth-Rublee, B., Ramanuj, P., O’Brien, R. W., Tomoyasu, N., & Pincus, H. A. (2018). Measuring and improving the quality of mental health care: A global perspective. World Psychiatry, 17(1), 30–38.

This resource discusses future options and challenges with respect to the Affordable Care Act provisions and requirements.
•RAND Corporation. (n.d.). The future of U.S. health care: Replace or revise the Affordable Care Act? Retrieved from https://www.rand.org/health/key-topics/health-policy/in-depth.html

This article explores hospital rankings in the United States and how they provide benefit to organizations and consumers in consideration of the Affordable Care Act.

•Huerta, T. R., Hefner, J. L., Ford, E. W., McAlearney, A. S., & Menachemi, N. (2014). Hospital website rankings in the United States: Expanding benchmarks and standards for effective consumer engagement. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 16(2), e64.

This article discusses key practical issues in the development of performance dashboards.

•Ghazisaeidi, M., Safdari, R., Torabi, M., Mirzaee, M., Farzi, J. & Goodini, A. (2015). Development of performance dashboards in healthcare sector: Key practical issues. Acta Informatica Medica, 23(5), 317–321.

Health Care Policies, Laws, Legislation, and Metrics

This resource explains current health care policy in the United States.

•Oliver, T. R. (Ed.). (2014). Guide to U.S. health and health care policy. Washington, DC: CQ Press.

This article discusses the most significant reforms to the U.S. health care system as provisions and mandates in the Affordable Care Act.
•Martin, E. J. (2015). Healthcare policy legislation and administration: Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010. Journal of Health and Human Services Administration, 37(4), 407–411.

This resource discusses the Medicare Access and CHIP Reauthorization Act (MACRA) current payment pathways for physicians relative to quality measures and benchmarks.

•American Medical Association. (n.d.). Quality payment program specifics. Retrieved from https://www.ama-assn.org/practice-management/quality-payment-program-qpp-specifics

Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation

The good intentions, as well as the commitment of a facility to hard work and training of staff, cannot guarantee effectiveness and quality of patient outcomes. Instead, quality improvements and the commitment of staff to hard work must be measured by comparing the outcomes with the established performance benchmarks. Adhering to the standards of care and promoting quality health services stand out as the most crucial aspect of health facilities in contemporary society (Ghazisaeid et al., 2015). This is achieved through healthcare benchmarking. The latter refers to the process of analyzing the performance metrics of a health organization and comparing it with standards developed by a state or health system of similar organizations. Specifically, dashboard benchmarks and other reports about a care facility provide vital information that an organization can use to gauge how they meet the performance standards set by local, state as well as federal laws (Nathan & Kaplan, 2017). Stakeholders and other leaders use the benchmark reports to analyze how an organization is performing by comparing the outcomes with peers. The leaders must understand how the facility conforms to the requirement of health care reforms and how quality outcomes can be improved to meet the established standard. However, in the era of evidence-based care occasioned by technological advancement, the viability of care facilities can be complicated by new regulations that may pose ambiguity in interpretation. This requires healthcare leaders to be well-versed with existing laws of a state and interpret the new regulations to avoid the risk of closure of the facility.

The present article focuses on the dashboard benchmark on standards of care developed by Minneapolis. These benchmarks will be analyzed with respect to Mercy Medical Center based in Shakopee of the state. The article explores the ethical factors in quality care and identifies opportunities for improvement that the selected facility can adopt to optimize quality outcomes to patients.

Abstract

[The purpose of your abstract is to provide a brief yet thorough overview of your paper. The APA publication manual suggests that your abstract should function much like your title page—it should allow the person reading it too quickly determine what your paper is all about. Begin your abstract on a new page and place your running head and the page number 2 in the top right-hand corner. You should also center the word “Abstract” at the top of the page. Keep it short. According to the APA style manual, an abstract should be between 150 to 250 words.]

 

 

Focus of Stakeholders for a Cost-Benefit Analysis

[Specify the focus and stakeholders for a cost-benefit analysis]

Value Proposition for Change Management

[Develop a value-based proposition for change management that incorporates quality and risk-management concepts.]

Strategies to Influence and Impact the Changes for Quality Improvement

[Describe strategies to influence and impact the needed changes for quality improvement.]

Cost-Benefit Analysis

[Conduct a cost-benefit analysis for a risk-management intervention.  Use the Tool provided, then discuss your findings here.  Be sure to also upload the Excel Tool.]

Internal and External Benchmarks

[Identify relevant internal and external benchmarks, using a systems-based perspective.]

Conclusion

References

Write a 4-6-page report for a senior leader that communicates your evaluation of current organizational or interprofessional team performance, with respect to prescribed benchmarks set forth by government laws and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. In addition, advocate for ethical action to address benchmark underperformance and explain the potential for improving the overall quality of care and performance, as reflected on a performance dashboard.

Introduction

In the era of health care reform, many of the laws and policies set forth by government at the local, state, and federal levels have specific performance benchmarks related to care delivery outcomes that organizations must achieve. It is critical for organizational success that the interprofessional care team is able to understand reports and dashboards that display the metrics related to performance and compliance benchmarks.

 

Maintaining standards and promoting quality in modern health care are crucial, not only for the care of patients, but also for the continuing success and financial viability of health care organizations. In the era of health care reform, health care leaders must understand what quality care entails and how quality in health care connects to the standards set forth by relevant federal, state, and local laws and policies. An understanding of relevant benchmarks that result from these laws and policies, and how they relate to quality care and regulatory standards, is also vitally important.

 

Health care is a dynamic, complex, and heavily regulated industry. For this reason, you will be expected to constantly scan the external environment for emerging laws, new regulations, and changing industry standards. You may discover that as new policies are enacted into law, ambiguity in interpretation of various facets of the law may occur. Sometimes, new laws conflict with preexisting laws and regulations, or unexpected implementation issues arise, which may warrant further clarification from lawmakers. Adding partisan politics and social media to the mix can further complicate understanding of the process and buy-in from stakeholders.

 

Note: Your evaluation of dashboard metrics for this assessment is the foundation on which all subsequent assessments are based. Therefore, you must complete this assessment first.

 

Write a report for a senior leader that communicates your evaluation of current organizational or interprofessional team performance with respect to prescribed benchmarks set forth by government laws and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. In addition, advocate for ethical action to address benchmark underperformance and explain the potential for improving the overall quality of care and performance, as reflected on a performance dashboard.

 

Review the performance dashboard metrics, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Consider the metrics that are falling short of the prescribed benchmarks. Structure your report so that it will be easy for a colleague or supervisor to locate the information they need, and be sure to cite the relevant health care policies or laws when evaluating metric performance against established benchmarks.

 

Note: Remember that you can submit all, or a portion of, your draft report to Smarthinking for feedback, before you submit the final version for this assessment. If you plan on using this free service, be mindful of the turnaround time of 24–48 hours for receiving feedback.

 

Preparation

Choose one of the following three options for a performance dashboard to use as the basis for your evaluation:

 

Option 1: Dashboard Metrics Evaluation Simulation

Use the data presented in the Dashboard and Health Care Benchmark Evaluation multimedia activity as the basis for your evaluation.

 

Note: The writing that you do as part of the simulation could serve as a starting point to build upon for this assessment.

 

Option 2: Actual Dashboard

Use an actual dashboard from a professional practice setting for your evaluation. If you decide to use actual dashboard metrics, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

 

The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.

The specific type of care delivery.

The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.

The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure your data are Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

 

Option 3: Hypothetical Dashboard

If you have a sophisticated understanding of dashboards relevant to your own practice, you may also construct a hypothetical dashboard for your evaluation. Your hypothetical dashboard must present at least four different metrics, at least two of which must be underperforming the prescribed benchmark set forth by a federal, state, or local laws or policies. In addition, be sure to add a brief description of the organization and setting that includes:

 

The size of the facility that the dashboard is reporting on.

The specific type of care delivery.

The population diversity and ethnicity demographics.

The socioeconomic level of the population served by the organization.

Note: Ensure your data are HIPAA compliant. Do not use any easily identifiable organization or patient information.

 

Instructions

Note: Your evaluation of dashboard metrics for this assessment is the foundation on which all subsequent assessments are based. Therefore, you must complete this assessment first.

 

Write a report for a senior leader that communicates your evaluation of current organizational or interprofessional team performance with respect to prescribed benchmarks set forth by government laws and policies at the local, state, and federal levels. In addition, advocate for ethical action to address benchmark underperformance and explain the potential for improving the overall quality of care and performance, as reflected on a performance dashboard.

 

Review the performance dashboard metrics, as well as relevant local, state, and federal laws and policies. Consider the metrics that are falling short of the prescribed benchmarks. Structure your report so that it will be easy for a colleague or supervisor to locate the information they need, and be sure to cite the relevant health care policies or laws when evaluating metric performance against established benchmarks.

 

Requirements

The report requirements outlined below correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, be sure to note the requirements for document format and length and for supporting evidence.

 

Evaluate dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.

Which metrics are not meeting the benchmark for the organization?

What are the local, state, or federal health care policies or laws that establish these benchmarks?

What conclusions can you draw from your evaluation?

Are there any unknowns, missing information, unanswered questions, or areas of uncertainty where additional information could improve your evaluation?

Analyze one challenge that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.

Consider the following examples:

Strategic direction.

Organizational mission.

Resources.

Staffing.

Financial: Operational and capital funding.

Logistical considerations: Physical space.

Support services (any ancillary department that gives support to a specific care unit in the organization, such as pharmacy, cleaning services, dietary, et cetera).

Cultural diversity in the organization and community.

Procedures and processes.

Address the following:

Why do the challenges you identified contribute, potentially, to benchmark underperformance?

What assumptions underlie your conclusions?

Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.

Focus on the benchmark you chose to target for improvement. Which metric is underperforming its benchmark by the greatest degree?

State the benchmark underperformance that is the most widespread throughout the organization or interprofessional team.

State the benchmark that affects the greatest number of patients. Which benchmark affects the greatest number of staff?

Include how this underperformance affect the community that the organization serves.

Include the greatest opportunity to improve the overall quality of care or performance of the organization or interpersonal team and, ultimately, to improve patient outcomes, as you think about the issue and the current poor benchmark outcomes.

Advocate for ethical action, directed toward an appropriate group of stakeholders, to address a benchmark underperformance.

Who would be an appropriate group of stakeholders to act on improving your identified benchmark metric?

Why should the stakeholder group take action?

What are some ethical actions the stakeholder group could take that support improved benchmark performance?

Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.

Proofread your report, before you submit it, to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your evaluation and analysis.

Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.

Be sure to apply correct APA formatting to source citations and references.

Example Assessment: You may use the following to give you an idea of what a Proficient or higher rating on the scoring guide would look like:

 

Assessment 1 Example [PDF].

Report Format and Length

Format your report using APA style.

 

Use the APA Style Paper Template [DOCX]. An APA Style Paper Tutorial [DOCX] is also provided to help you in writing and formatting your report. Be sure to include:

A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.

A running head on all pages.

Appropriate section headings.

Be sure your report is 4–6 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.

Supporting Evidence

Cite 4–6 credible sources from peer-reviewed journals or professional industry publications to support your analysis of challenges, evaluation of potential for improvement, and your advocacy for ethical action.

 

Note: Faculty may use the Writing Feedback Tool when grading this assessment. The Writing Feedback Tool is designed to provide you with guidance and resources to develop your writing based on five core skills. You will find writing feedback in the Scoring Guide for the assessment, once your work has been evaluated.

 

Portfolio Prompt: You may choose to save your report to your ePortfolio.

 

Competencies Measured

By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the course competencies through the following assessment scoring guide criteria:

 

Competency 1: Analyze relevant health care laws, policies, and regulations; their application; and their effects on organizations, interprofessional teams, and professional practice.

Analyze challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.

Competency 2: Lead the development and implementation of ethical and culturally sensitive policies that improve health outcomes for individuals, organizations, and populations.

Advocate for ethical action, directed toward an appropriate group of stakeholders, to address a benchmark underperformance.

Competency 3: Evaluate relevant indicators of performance, such as benchmarks, research, and best practices, to inform health care laws and policies for patients, organizations, and populations.

Evaluate dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.

Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.

Competency 5: Produce clear, coherent, and professional written work, in accordance with Capella’s writing standards.

Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.

Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.

Dashboard Benchmark Evaluation Scoring Guide

CRITERIA	NON-PERFORMANCE	BASIC	PROFICIENT	DISTINGUISHED
Evaluate dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.	Does not evaluate dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.	Evaluates dashboard metrics not clearly associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies, leading to unsubstantiated conclusions about organizational performance.	Evaluates dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies.	Provides an objective, accurate evaluation of dashboard metrics associated with benchmarks set forth by local, state, or federal health care laws or policies. Clearly articulates organizational performance shortfalls and any gaps in information affecting the evaluation.
Analyze challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.	Does not identify challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.	Identifies challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.	Analyzes challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team.	Analyzes challenges that meeting prescribed benchmarks can pose for a heath care organization or interprofessional team. Identifies clear implications of such challenges for the organization or team and acknowledges assumptions underlying the analysis.
Evaluate a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.	Does not evaluate a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.	Conducts an evaluation of a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that misinterprets or overlooks factors that are key to a clear understanding the potential for improving overall quality or performance	Evaluates a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance.	Evaluates a benchmark underperformance in a heath care organization or interprofessional team that has the potential for greatly improving overall quality or performance. Provides a compelling and fully substantiated argument for the chosen benchmark’s potential impact on quality of performance.
Advocate for ethical action, directed toward an appropriate group of stakeholders, to address a benchmark underperformance.	Does not advocate for ethical action to address a benchmark underperformance.	Advocates for ethical action to address a benchmark underperformance.	Advocates for ethical action, directed toward an appropriate group of stakeholders, to address a benchmark underperformance.	Advocates for ethical action, directed toward an appropriate group of stakeholders, to address a benchmark underperformance. Argues effectively for recommended actions underscored by a clear and perceptive explanation of the ethical principles that guide such actions.
Organize content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.	Does not organize content for ideas to flow logically with smooth transitions.	Organizes content with some logical flow and smooth transitions.	Organizes content so ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.	Organizes content so clarity is enhanced and all ideas flow logically with smooth transitions.
Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.	Does not support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.	Sources lack relevance or credibility, or the evidence is not persuasive or explicitly supportive of main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations.	Supports main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.	Supports main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant, credible, and convincing evidence. Skillfully combines virtually error-free source citations with a perceptive and coherent synthesis of the evidence.