Bio-statistics Questions

Bio-statistics Questions

Question Specification

Exercise 10: Biostatistics Questions

1.In the OH et al. (2014) study, what demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement? Give a reason for your answer.

2. In this study, what statistics were used to describe body mass index (BMI)? Were these suitable? Give a reason for your answer.

3. Were the BMI score distributions similar in the intervention and control groups? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Was the difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

5. Given a sample size of N=41, what percentage and frequency of the sample smoked? What was the percentage and frequency of non-drinkers (alcohol) in the sample? Display your calculations and round to the nearest whole percentage point.

6. What method was used to assess the study participants’ bone mineral density (BMD)? Discuss and document your response to the quality of this measurement method.

7. What statistic was used to compare the lumbar and femur neck BMDs between the intervention and control groups? Were the BMDs significantly different between the groups?

8. According to the researchers, there were no significant differences in the intervention and control groups’ baseline characteristics (see Table 2) At the start of the study, are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous? Why is this significant in determining the efficacy of the therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?

9. According to Oh et al. (2014, p.296), “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6 percent.” Discuss the significance of adherence to intervention, and document your response.

10. Was the study’s sample adequately described? Give a reason for your answer.

Exercise 16: Biostatistics Questions

1.What is the definition of degrees of freedom (df)? In their study, Canbulat et al. (2015) did not include the dfs. Why is knowing the df for a t ratio important? Calculate the df for this study using the df formula.

2. What are the means and standard deviations (SD) for the Buzzy intervention and control groups in terms of age? What statistical analysis is performed to determine the difference in age means between the two groups? Was this an appropriate method of analysis? Give a reason for your answer.

3. What is the t and p value for age? What do these findings imply?

4. What assumptions are made when performing the independent samples t-test?

5. Are the study’s groups independent or dependent? Give a reason for your answer.

6. For the two groups, what is the null hypothesis for procedural self-reported pain as measured by the Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS)? In this study, was the null hypothesis accepted or rejected? Give a reason for your answer.

7. Should a Bonferroni correction be used in this study? Give a reason for your answer.

8. What variable yielded the result t=-6.135, p=0.000? What does the outcome imply?

9. Do you think it was an expected or unexpected finding that both t values in Table 2 were statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

10. Describe one potential clinical benefit of the Buzzy intervention, which combined cold and vibration during IV insertion, for pediatric patients.

Exercise 17: Biostatistics Questions

1.What assumptions are made when conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of these assumptions do you believe the Lindseth et al. (2014) study met?

2. Lindesth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets” in the introduction. What exactly does this mean? What is the significance of this?

3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) among participants who consume high- or low-aspartame diets? Is this a statistically significant result? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Describe the null hypothesis tested in this study for mood (irritability). This hypothesis was accepted or rejected. Give an explanation for your answer.

5. In Table 2, which t value represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the high- and low-aspartame diets? Is this t statisticianically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

6. Explain why larger t values have a higher chance of being statistically significant.

7. Discuss the significance of the depression study’s findings. What is the clinical significance of this finding?

8. What is the paired t-test value with the smallest value in Table 2? What makes you believe that the smaller t values are not statistically significant?

9. Discuss the clinical significance of these aspartame consumption study results. Document your response with a source.

10. Are the study’s findings on the consumption of high- and low-aspartame diets ready for use in practice? Give an explanation for your answer.

Exercise 10: Biostatistics Questions

1.In the OH et al. (2014) study, what demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement? Give a reason for your answer.

2. In this study, what statistics were used to describe body mass index (BMI)? Were these suitable? Give a reason for your answer.

3. Were the BMI score distributions similar in the intervention and control groups? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Was the difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

5. Given a sample size of N=41, what percentage and frequency of the sample smoked? What was the percentage and frequency of non-drinkers (alcohol) in the sample? Display your calculations and round to the nearest whole percentage point.

6. What method was used to assess the study participants’ bone mineral density (BMD)? Discuss and document your response to the quality of this measurement method.

7. What statistic was used to compare the lumbar and femur neck BMDs between the intervention and control groups? Were the BMDs significantly different between the groups?

8. According to the researchers, there were no significant differences in the intervention and control groups’ baseline characteristics (see Table 2) At the start of the study, are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous? Why is this significant in determining the efficacy of the therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?

9. According to Oh et al. (2014, p.296), “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6 percent.” Discuss the significance of adherence to intervention, and document your response.

10. Was the study’s sample adequately described? Give a reason for your answer.

Exercise 16: Biostatistics Questions

1.What is the definition of degrees of freedom (df)? In their study, Canbulat et al. (2015) did not include the dfs. Why is knowing the df for a t ratio important? Calculate the df for this study using the df formula.

2. What are the means and standard deviations (SD) for the Buzzy intervention and control groups in terms of age? What statistical analysis is performed to determine the difference in age means between the two groups? Was this an appropriate method of analysis? Give a reason for your answer.

3. What is the t and p value for age? What do these findings imply?

4. What assumptions are made when performing the independent samples t-test?

5. Are the study’s groups independent or dependent? Give a reason for your answer.

6. For the two groups, what is the null hypothesis for procedural self-reported pain as measured by the Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS)? In this study, was the null hypothesis accepted or rejected? Give a reason for your answer.

7. Should a Bonferroni correction be used in this study? Give a reason for your answer.

8. What variable yielded the result t=-6.135, p=0.000? What does the outcome imply?

9. Do you think it was an expected or unexpected finding that both t values in Table 2 were statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

10. Describe one potential clinical benefit of the Buzzy intervention, which combined cold and vibration during IV insertion, for pediatric patients.

Exercise 10: Biostatistics Questions

1.In the OH et al. (2014) study, what demographic variables were measured at the nominal level of measurement? Give a reason for your answer.

2. In this study, what statistics were used to describe body mass index (BMI)? Were these suitable? Give a reason for your answer.

3. Were the BMI score distributions similar in the intervention and control groups? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Was the difference in BMI between the intervention and control groups statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

5. Given a sample size of N=41, what percentage and frequency of the sample smoked? What was the percentage and frequency of non-drinkers (alcohol) in the sample? Display your calculations and round to the nearest whole percentage point.

6. What method did the study use to assess the study participants’ bone mineral density (BMD)? Discuss and document your response to the quality of this measurement method.

7. What statistic was used to compare the lumbar and femur neck BMDs between the intervention and control groups? Were the BMDs significantly different between the groups?

8. According to the researchers, there were no significant differences in the intervention and control groups’ baseline characteristics (see Table 2) At the start of the study, are these groups heterogeneous or homogeneous? Why is this significant in determining the efficacy of the therapeutic lifestyle modification (TLM) program?

9. According to Oh et al. (2014, p.296), “the adherence rate to the TLM program was 99.6 percent.” Discuss the significance of adherence to intervention, and document your response.

10. Was the study’s sample adequately described? Give a reason for your answer.

Exercise 16: Biostatistics Questions

1.What is the definition of degrees of freedom (df)? In their study, Canbulat et al. (2015) did not include the dfs. Why is knowing the df for a t ratio important? Calculate the df for this study using the df formula.

2. What are the means and standard deviations (SD) for the Buzzy intervention and control groups in terms of age? What statistical analysis is performed to determine the difference in age means between the two groups? Was this an appropriate method of analysis? Give a reason for your answer.

3. What is the t and p value for age? What do these findings imply?

4. What assumptions are made when performing the independent samples t-test?

5. Are the study’s groups independent or dependent? Give a reason for your answer.

6. For the two groups, identify the null hypothesis for procedural self-reported pain as measured by the Wong Baker Faces Scale (WBFS). In this study, was the null hypothesis accepted or rejected? Give a reason for your answer.

7. Should a Bonferroni correction be used in this study? Give a reason for your answer.

8. What variable yielded the result t=-6.135, p=0.000? What does the outcome imply?

9. Do you think it was an expected or unexpected finding that both t values in Table 2 were statistically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

10. Describe one potential clinical benefit of the Buzzy intervention, which combined cold and vibration during IV insertion, for pediatric patients.

Exercise 17: Biostatistics Questions

1.What assumptions are made when conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of the following assumptions did the Lindseth et al. (2014) study meet?

2. Lindesth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets” in the introduction. What exactly does this mean? What is the significance of this?

3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) among participants who consume high- or low-aspartame diets? Is this a statistically significant result? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Describe the null hypothesis tested in this study for mood (irritability). Was the hypothesis approved or rejected? Give an explanation for your answer.

5. In Table 2, which t value represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the high- and low-aspartame diets? Is this t statisticianically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

6. Explain why larger t values have a higher chance of being statistically significant.

7. Discuss the significance of the depression study’s findings. What is the clinical significance of this finding?

8. What is the paired t-test value with the smallest value in Table 2? What makes you believe that the smaller t values are not statistically significant?

9. Discuss the clinical significance of these aspartame consumption study results. Document your response with a source.

10. Are the study’s findings on the consumption of high- and low-aspartame diets ready for use in practice? Give an explanation for your answer.

Exercise 17: Biostatistics Questions

1.What assumptions are made when conducting a paired or dependent samples t-test in a study? Which of the following assumptions do you believe Lindseth et al. (2014)’s study met?

2. Lindesth et al. (2014) described a “2-week washout between diets” in the introduction. What exactly does this mean? What is the significance of this?

3. What is the paired t-test value for mood (irritability) among participants who consume high- or low-aspartame diets? Is this a statistically significant result? Give a reason for your answer.

4. Describe the null hypothesis tested in this study for mood (irritability). This hypothesis was accepted or rejected. Give an explanation for your answer.

5. In Table 2, which t value represents the greatest relative or standardized difference between the high- and low-aspartame diets? Is this t statisticianically significant? Give a reason for your answer.

6. Explain why larger t values have a higher chance of being statistically significant.

7. Discuss the significance of the depression study’s findings. What is the clinical significance of this finding?

8. What is the paired t-test value with the smallest value in Table 2? What makes you believe that the smaller t values are not statistically significant?

9. Discuss the clinical significance of these aspartame consumption study results. Document your response with a source.

10. Are the study’s findings on the consumption of high- and low-aspartame diets ready for use in practice? Give an explanation for your answer.

Important information for writing discussion questions and participation

Welcome to class

Hello class and welcome to the class and I will be your instructor for this course. This is a -week course and requires a lot of time commitment, organization, and a high level of dedication. Please use the class syllabus to guide you through all the assignments required for the course. I have also attached the classroom policies to this announcement to know your expectations for this course. Please review this document carefully and ask me any questions if you do. You could email me at any time or send me a message via the “message” icon in halo if you need to contact me. I check my email regularly, so you should get a response within 24 hours. If you have not heard from me within 24 hours and need to contact me urgently, please send a follow up text to

I strongly encourage that you do not wait until the very last minute to complete your assignments. Your assignments in weeks 4 and 5 require early planning as you would need to present a teaching plan and interview a community health provider. I advise you look at the requirements for these assignments at the beginning of the course and plan accordingly. I have posted the YouTube link that explains all the class assignments in detail. It is required that you watch this 32-minute video as the assignments from week 3 through 5 require that you follow the instructions to the letter to succeed. Failure to complete these assignments according to instructions might lead to a zero. After watching the video, please schedule a one-on-one with me to discuss your topic for your project by the second week of class. Use this link to schedule a 15-minute session. Please, call me at the time of your appointment on my number. Please note that I will NOT call you.

Please, be advised I do NOT accept any assignments by email. If you are having technical issues with uploading an assignment, contact the technical department and inform me of the issue. If you have any issues that would prevent you from getting your assignments to me by the deadline, please inform me to request a possible extension. Note that working fulltime or overtime is no excuse for late assignments. There is a 5%-point deduction for every day your assignment is late. This only applies to approved extensions. Late assignments will not be accepted.

If you think you would be needing accommodations due to any reasons, please contact the appropriate department to request accommodations.

Plagiarism is highly prohibited. Please ensure you are citing your sources correctly using APA 7th edition. All assignments including discussion posts should be formatted in APA with the appropriate spacing, font, margin, and indents. Any papers not well formatted would be returned back to you, hence, I advise you review APA formatting style. I have attached a sample paper in APA format and will also post sample discussion responses in subsequent announcements.

Your initial discussion post should be a minimum of 200 words and response posts should be a minimum of 150 words. Be advised that I grade based on quality and not necessarily the number of words you post. A minimum of TWO references should be used for your initial post. For your response post, you do not need references as personal experiences would count as response posts. If you however cite anything from the literature for your response post, it is required that you cite your reference. You should include a minimum of THREE references for papers in this course. Please note that references should be no more than 5 years old except recommended as a resource for the class. Furthermore, for each discussion board question, you need ONE initial substantive response and TWO substantive responses to either your classmates or your instructor for a total of THREE responses. There are TWO discussion questions each week, hence, you need a total minimum of SIX discussion posts for each week. I usually post a discussion question each week. You could also respond to these as it would count towards your required SIX discussion posts for the week.

I understand this is a lot of information to cover in 5 weeks, however, the Bible says in Philippians 4:13 that we can do all things through Christ that strengthens us. Even in times like this, we are encouraged by God’s word that we have that ability in us to succeed with His strength. I pray that each and every one of you receives strength for this course and life generally as we navigate through this pandemic that is shaking our world today. Relax and enjoy the course!

Hi Class,

Please read through the following information on writing a Discussion question response and participation posts.

Contact me if you have any questions.

Important information on Writing a Discussion Question

• Your response needs to be a minimum of 150 words (not including your list of references)
• There needs to be at least TWO references with ONE being a peer reviewed professional journal article.
• Include in-text citations in your response
• Do not include quotes—instead summarize and paraphrase the information
• Follow APA-7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

Participation –replies to your classmates or instructor

• A minimum of 6 responses per week, on at least 3 days of the week.
• Each response needs at least ONE reference with citations—best if it is a peer reviewed journal article
• Each response needs to be at least 75 words in length (does not include your list of references)
• Responses need to be substantive by bringing information to the discussion or further enhance the discussion. Responses of “I agree” or “great post” does not count for the word count.
• Follow APA 7th edition
• Points will be deducted if the above is not followed

• Remember to use and follow APA-7th edition for all weekly assignments, discussion questions, and participation points.
• Here are some helpful links
• The is a great resource